Here are the main groups at higher risk:
Older adults
As people age, muscle flexibility and nerve function can decline. This makes nighttime cramps more common, especially after age 50.
Pregnant women
Night cramps are especially frequent during the second and third trimesters. Changes in circulation, weight, and mineral balance all play a role.
People with certain medical conditions
Conditions that affect nerves, muscles, or circulation increase risk, including:
- Diabetes
- Peripheral artery disease
- Kidney disease
- Thyroid disorders
People taking certain medications
Some drugs can trigger cramps as a side effect, such as diuretics (water pills), statins, and some asthma medications.
Athletes or very active individuals
Overuse of muscles, especially without proper stretching or hydration, can lead to cramps during rest at night.
People who are dehydrated or low in key minerals
Low levels of potassium, magnesium, or calcium can make muscles more prone to cramping.
Those who sit or stand for long periods
Poor circulation or muscle fatigue from inactivity or prolonged standing can contribute to cramps at night.
If night cramps are frequent, severe, or worsening, it’s worth looking into possible underlying causes and adjusting hydration, stretching, or medications with a healthcare professional.